Year: 2026 | Month: April-June | Volume: 11 | Issue: 2 | Pages: 15-24
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20260203
Correlation Between Knowledge of Diabetes Mellitus, Level of Physical Activity and Glycemic Control in Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Hemlata1, Gitanjali Sikka2, Shaveta Dahiya3, Indu Bhola1, Sheetal1
1MPT-Cardiopulmonary, College of Physiotherapy, Pt. B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
2Associate Professor, College of Physiotherapy, Pt. B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India.
3Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Pt. B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India.
Corresponding Author: Hemlata
ABSTRACT
Background: Diabetes knowledge plays a critical role in self-management and glycemic control among patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Diabetes knowledge influence by Socio-demographic, clinical, and behavioral factors, but research across different populations is still limited.
Objective: To examine the correlation between diabetes knowledge, self-care management, physical activity, and glycemic control among patients with type II diabetes mellitus.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Diabetes knowledge was assessed using the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire-Revised (DKQ-R), self-care behaviors using the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire-Revised (DSMQ-R), and physical activity with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Glycemic control and biochemical parameters were measured. Associations between variables were analyzed using independent t-tests, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple linear regressions. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.
Results: Higher diabetes knowledge scores were significantly associated with higher education, employment, income, longer disease duration, and better self-management behaviors (p<0.01). Knowledge was inversely correlated with HbA1c levels (r=−0.515, p<0.01), total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL, and positively correlated with HDL, DSMQ-R subtotal, and IPAQ scores. Multiple regression analysis indicated that education, disease duration, HbA1c, DSMQ-R physical activity, and IPAQ scores were significant predictors of diabetes knowledge, collectively explaining a substantial proportion of variance.
Conclusion: Diabetes knowledge in patients with type II diabetes mellitus is influenced by socio-demographic, clinical, and behavioral factors and is significantly correlated with self-care management, physical activity, and glycemic control. Structured educational interventions targeting high-risk groups are recommended to enhance knowledge, self-management, and long-term glycemic outcomes.
Keywords: Type II diabetes mellitus, Diabetes knowledge, Self-management, Physical activity, Glycemic control